可以這樣說信用證業(yè)務(wù)的流程是外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)展開過程中的核心所在，因此外貿(mào)從業(yè)者在相關(guān)工作中即使對于其他一些細(xì)節(jié)不熟悉，也要第一時(shí)間掌握好相關(guān)的流程業(yè)務(wù),這樣在相關(guān)的發(fā)盤函之中才能夠和對方洽談時(shí)將核心重點(diǎn)展開，而不會(huì)出現(xiàn)偏差，在歐美國家、日韓國家等等的外貿(mào)往來中都會(huì)使用到信用證，如果對這一流程不了解的話，很多業(yè)務(wù)都是無法展開的。
由于在外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)展開過程中，部分公司不僅會(huì)銷售產(chǎn)品，也會(huì)購入海外產(chǎn)品，開出流程以及接收流程都需要了解，如果某外貿(mào)公司在業(yè)務(wù)往來過程中只是以銷售國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品為主，那么只需要關(guān)注到接收信用證業(yè)務(wù)的流程就可以了，對于如何開相關(guān)信用證，后期慢慢進(jìn)行熟悉即可。
在發(fā)盤函中外貿(mào)工作者要根據(jù)自己所在公司的實(shí)際情況，而選擇不同類別信用證，這些要在信函中重點(diǎn)提到，信用證的類別還是很多的，不同的企業(yè)應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際需要不同而選擇不同類別的信用證。
例如在海外的某些國家的銀行是沒有在國內(nèi)進(jìn)行相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)往來的，這種狀態(tài)之下需要其他銀行進(jìn)行保證兌付相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)的展開，這種情況之下就需要選擇好Confirmed L/C、Unconfirmed L/C、Sight L/C、Usance L/C)、Usance Credit Payable at Sight這一類型的信用證。如上提到的這些種類在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中又有著很大的差別，舉例來說明：
Dear Mr. Madison
We have received the attached documents of the series of agricultural products you require and the categories of products you send us. According to your requirements, we have listed the following products and price statements.
Atomizing micro head set / piece 28 yuan
Agricultural irrigation sprinkler head / piece 70 yuan
Farm monitoring equipment / set 188 yuan
Agricultural machinery and equipment soya bean shell machine / set 1350 yuan
Pesticide residue quick tester / set 3970 yuan
We have already made a decision on this matter. If the total value of the products you have purchased exceeds 2 million yuan this time, we will give you a 5% overall price discount. If the total quantity of the products you have purchased exceeds 5 million yuan, we will give you a 7% discount on the total price. At present, in the international market, the kind of products you require will be offered. The type of product is lower in terms of profitability, so it can not give higher discount.
In the course of this transaction, both land transportation and related insurance charges are to be borne by us. If you wish to inspect the goods yourself in the course of this transaction, please give us an explanation in advance. If this transaction is concluded, we will arrange to ship the goods from Dalian Port on or around November 5. You may send someone to Dalian Port to inspect the goods. .
We have no objection to your reference to the letter of credit issued by the African Development Bank. But we hope that you will have a confirmed letter of credit issued by the Bank of Morgan, which can be adjusted accordingly. But if you want to adjust the confirming bank, please do the same before the contract is signed. We communicate in a timely manner.
親愛的麥迪遜先生
貴公司所需求的一系列農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，你方所發(fā)來的產(chǎn)品需求類別附件文件，我方已經(jīng)收到，根據(jù)你方的需求，列出如下產(chǎn)品及價(jià)格報(bào)表
霧化微型頭套裝/件28元
農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉搖臂噴頭/件70元
農(nóng)田監(jiān)控設(shè)備/套188元
農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器設(shè)備毛豆撥殼機(jī)/套1350元
農(nóng)殘速測儀/套3970元
貴公司提出給予相關(guān)優(yōu)惠，這一問題我方已經(jīng)經(jīng)過決策，如貴方這次所購產(chǎn)品總價(jià)值超過200萬元，將給予5%的總體價(jià)格優(yōu)惠，如購入的產(chǎn)品總數(shù)量超過500萬元，將給予總價(jià)格7%的優(yōu)惠，目前在國際市場上，貴公司所需求的這一類型產(chǎn)品在盈利方面是較低的，因此無法給出更高的優(yōu)惠。
本次交易過程之中，陸路運(yùn)輸以及在相關(guān)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用方面皆由我方承擔(dān)，如貴方希望在本次交易過程之中親自檢查貨品, 請?zhí)崆斑M(jìn)行說明，如達(dá)成這筆交易，我方將會(huì)安排在11月5日左右由大連港發(fā)貨，貴方可派人到大連港檢查貨品。
本次交易之中請貴方可以開出保兌信用證，貴方所提及由非洲開發(fā)銀行開出信用證，我方?jīng)]有異議，但希望貴方有摩根銀行開出保兌信用證，對于保兌行可以進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的調(diào)整，但如貴方要對保兌行進(jìn)行調(diào)整，請于合同簽署前同我方及時(shí)進(jìn)行溝通。
在上述案例中所提及的“We have no objection to your reference to the letter of credit issued by the African Development Bank, but we hope that you will have a confirmed letter of credit issued by the Bank of Morgan, which can be adjusted accordingly.”就是對于信用證的需求，需要注意，在案例中提及的貿(mào)易方相關(guān)交易往來中之所以會(huì)選擇Confirmed L/C是因?yàn)樯婕捌滟徣氘a(chǎn)品方所開出的信用證為非洲本地銀行，因此需要保兌行參與其中，如果是和歐美一些大型銀行進(jìn)行交易是不需要涉及到保兌行的，此種類型流程更為簡單，也更為直接一些，在商貿(mào)往來中工作人員一定要對相關(guān)方在那些銀行開出信用證做好關(guān)注，如果在安全性方面有待商榷就一定要有保兌銀行參與其中。
